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2016年考研英语长难句模拟试题

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  从历年的考研英语真题中我们可以得知,考研英语长难句以各种形式遍布在英语试卷中。很显然,对于很多考生来说,考研英语长难句就像一只拦路虎,让考生望而却步。那么,怎样才能攻克考研英语长难句这只拦路虎呢?要想长难句不再难,方法之一就是在复习的时候,多多练习一些经典的考研英语长难句。俗话说:熟能生巧!一种句型,当你练习了几遍,考试时看到同样的句型,也就知道该如何作答了。为了帮助各位2016考研的同学攻克长难句,出国留学网小编给大家整理了一些经典的长难句训练题,并附有详细的解析,希望能帮助大家。

  考研英语长难句训练题:

  1. Yet, in several instances, justices acted in waysthat weaken the court's reputation for beingindependent and impartial.

  2. That kind of activity makes it less likely that the court's decisions will be accepted asimpartial judgements.

  3. At the very least, the court should make itselfsubject to the code of conduct that applies to therest of the federal judiciary.

  4. They gave justices permanent positions so theywould be free to upset those in power and have noneed to cultivate political support.

  5. Constitutional law is political because it resultsfrom choices rooted in fundamental social conceptslike liberty and property.

  6.When the court deals with social policy decisions, the law it shapes is inescapably political-which is why decisions split along ideological lines are so easily dismissed as unjust.

  7. The justices must address doubts about thecourt's legitimacy by making themselvesaccountable to the code of conduct.

  8. Laughter does produce short-term changes in the function of the heart snd its bloodvessels, boosting heart rate and oxygen consumption.

  9. But because hard laughter is diffficult to suatain, agood laugh is unlikely to have measurable benefitsthe way, say, walking or jogging does.

  10. It was argued at the end of the 19th century that humans do not cry because they are sadbut they become sad when the tears begin to flow.

  11. In an experiment pubished in 1988, socialpsychologist Fritz Strack of the University ofWurzburg in Germany asked volunteers to hold apen either with their teeth-thereby creating anartificial smile-or with their lips, which wouldproduce a disappointed expression.

  12. Those forced to exercises their smiling muscles reacted more enthusiastically to funnycartoons than did those whose mouths were contracted in a frown, suggeating thatexpressions may inflence emotions rather than just the other way around.

  13. Instead, the studies ended up giving their name to the "Hawthorne effect", the extremely influential idea that the very act of being experimented upon changes subjects' behavior.

  14. Accoding to accounts of the experiments, their hourly output rose when lighting was increasd, but also it was dimmed.

  15. An awareness that they were being experimentedupon seemed to be enough to alter workers'sbehavior by itself.

  16. Contrary to the description on record, nosystematic evidence was found that levels of productivity were related to changes inlighting.

  考研英语长难句解析:

  第1题:

  【分析】复合句。主句主干为 justices acted。in severalinstances 和 in ways作状语, that 引导定语从句修饰ways。

  【译文】然而,在一些情况下,法官的行为方式削弱了法院保持中立且公正的名声。

  第2题:

  【分析】复合句,主句为 That kind of activity makes it less likely, it 是形式宾语,真正的宾语是 that 引导的名词性从句。

  【译文】这类行为使得法院的裁定被认为是公正判决的可能性有所下降。

  【词法拓展】

  it 作形式宾语放在动词与宾语补足语之间,指代不定式、动名词、从句等,此时,it 无实际意义。这种情况只能用于能以名词或形容词作宾语补足语的动词后面,如feel, consider, find, believe, make, take, imagine,suppose, think, deem, regard, count 等。

  第3题

  【分析】复合句。At the very least在句首作状语,that 引导定语从句修饰 the code of conduct。

  【译文】至少,法院应当服从适用于联邦司法系统其余部门的行为准则。

  第4题

  【分析】复合句。主句为 They gave justices permanent positions, so 引导目的状语从句,从句主干为they would be free...and have no need...。

  【译文】他们给予法官们终身任期,以便法官们能自由地推翻当权者,且无需拉拢政治支持。

  第5题

  【分析】复合句。主句为 Constitutional law ispolitical。because 引导原因状语从句;其中分词短语rooted in... 作定语修饰 choices, 介词短语 like libertyand property 修饰 concepts。

  【译文】宪法是由植根于自由和所有权等基本社会观念的选择造成的,因此它是政治性的。

  第6题:

  【分析】多重复合句。主句为 the law...is inescapably political。when 引导时间状语从句;it shapes 为省略引导词的定语从句,修饰 the law, it 指代 the court; which 引导非限定性定语从句,修饰主句,其中包含 why 引导的表语从句。

  【译文】当法院处理社会决策时,它适用的法律不可避免地具有政治性--这也就是为什么不同意识形态的决策容易被认为是不公正的而不予考虑。

  第7题

  【分析】简单句。句子主干为 The justices mustaddress doubts,介词短语 about the court'slegitimacy 修饰 doubts, by making...作方式状语。

  【译文】法官必须通过对行为准则负责来解除人们对于法院公正性的怀疑。

  【点拨】1)address 在本句中作及物动词,意为"处理,对付",如:to address an issue 处理问题。2)accountable to 意为"对...负责"。3) the code of conduct 意为"行为准则,行为规范"。

  第8题:

  【分析】简单句。句子主干为 Laughter does produce short-term changes。 介词短语 in thefunction of...作 changes 的后置定语,句末的现在分词短语 boosting...作伴随状语。

  【译文】"笑"确实能给心血管带来短期的变化,提高心率以及对氧气的吸收。

  考研英语长难句的复习,要懂得举一反三,下次看到同样的句型的时候,要能够正确解答。跟随文都考研一起来练习,让考研英语长难句不再难。最后,预祝2016考研的同学们,复习越来越好,考研大捷。

  第9题

  【分析】复合句。句首为 because 引导的原因状语从句。主句的主干为 a good laugh is unlikely to havemeasurable benefits,主句包含 the way 引导的方式状语从句,say 作插入语。

  【译文】但是,由于"大笑"很难持续,一场酣畅淋漓的大笑给心血管带来的好处,不可能会像散步和慢跑给心血管带来的好处那样明显可见。

  第10题:

  【分析】复合句。句首 It 为形式主语,真正的主语为 that 引导的从句。从句由 but 连接的并列复合句构成,第一个分句包含 because 引导的原因状语从句,第二个分句包含 when 引导的时间状语从句。

  【译文】19世纪末曾有人提到:人类不是因为悲伤而哭泣,而是因为流泪而悲伤。

  第11题:

  【分析】复合句。句子主干为 social psychologistFritzStrack ...asked volunteers to hold a pen...。句首的介词短语作整句话的状语;either with ...or with... 作动词 hold 的方式状语,第一个状语后的现在分词短语作目的状语,第二个状语后 which 引导非限定性定语从句。

  【译文】1988年发表过一项实验,德国维尔茨堡大学的社会心理学家弗里茨·斯特拉克和他的同事们招募了一批志愿者。他们让一部分人用牙齿咬住一支笔,从而在脸上制造出"人工笑脸";或是用嘴唇叼着笔,从而产生"沮丧表情"。

  第12题

  【分析】复合句。主句为 Those... reacted more enthusiastically to funny cartoons,过去分词短语forced to...作后置定语修饰 those。than 引导比较状语从句,该从句中的主语 those 由定语从句修饰,因其较长,谓语又因与主句重复而省略为 did,所以用倒装语序。suggeating... 为现在分词结构作结果状语,其中包含 that 引导的宾语从句。

  【译文】那些用牙齿咬着笔,表现出笑容的人比那些用嘴唇叼着笔、表现出沮丧神情的人在看搞笑的动画片时所作出的反应更丰富。这就证明了表情能够影响情绪,而不是情绪影响表情。

  【点拨】1) contract 作名词时意为"契约,合同;婚约";作动词时意为"缔结,订契约;染上(恶习,疾病等);(使)收缩,(使)紧缩"。2) frown"皱眉,蹙眉",既是动词也是名词。

  第13题:

  【分析】复合句。句子主干为 the studies ended up giving their name to the "Hawthorne effect"。the extremely influential idea...补充说明 Hawthorne effect,是其同位语,其中 idea 之后是 that 引导的同位语从句。同位语从句中,主句为 the very act,of being experimented upon 是其后置定语,谓语为 changes,宾语是 subjects' behavior。

  【译文】然而,这些研究最终以被冠之为"霍桑效应"的概念而告终,这个极具影响力的概念认为,仅仅是接受实验这一行为就足以使受试者的表现发生改变。

  【点拨】1)subject 作名词时,是"主题、学科、对象、主语"的意思,结合语境,本句中意为"接受实验对象,受试者"。作动词时,意为"使服从;使遭受",常与 to 搭配。作形容词时,意为"受...支配的;易遭...的"。

  2)end up doing sth."结果是...,最终..."。

  第14题:

  【分析】复合句。句子主干为 their hourly output rose。 连接两个由 when 引导的并列时间状语从句,后一时间状语从句中 it 指代的是 lighting。 此处注意 not only...but also...结构在实际运用中可以省略 not only 或 but also。 Accoding to作状语。

  【译文】实验报告表明,当照明灯变亮时,女工们每小时的产出会增加,而当照明灯变暗时,她们每小时的产出仍会增加。

  【点拨】account 作名词时,常用意为"理由,解释"或 "账目、账单",本句中的意思是"报告、描述"。作动词时,常与 for 搭配,意为"说明...的原因;(在数量、比例方面)占"。

  第15题:

  【分析】复合句。句子主干为 。An awareness...seemedto be enough to alter...。 that 引导同位语从句补充说明awareness, 其中 they 指代后面的 workers。beenough to do "足以..."。

  【译文】只要意识到她们在接受实验,这一意识本身似乎就足以改变工人们的行为。

  第16题:

  【分析】复合句。句子主干为 no systematic evidence was found...。 Contrary to 作句子状语,that引导的从句作 evidence 的同位语,为避免句子头重脚轻,此同位语从句与先行词被谓语分离。

  【译文】与有记载的描述相反,没有找到系统的证据来说明劳动生产率的水平与光照的变化有关。

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