中考英语易错题(5)
湖北省宜昌市第五中学 葛 林
1. beside
[误]The students stood besides the teacher.
[正]The students stood beside the teacher.
[误]I study English beside Chinese.
[正]I study English besides Chinese.
[析]beside意为“在……旁边”，而besides是“除……以外(还如何)”。
beside, by near
beside意为“在……旁”，如：There is a tall tree beside the river. by多指“倚、靠”、“沿着”之意，如：She is standing by the window. near多用来表示两地间距离不远，如：There is a post office near our school.
2. better
[误]You had better to do it at home.
[正]You had better do it at home.
[误]You hadn't better wake me up at six.
[正]You had better not wake me up at six.
[析]had better在肯定句中为“应该作某事”，其后加不带to的不定式，而在否定句中应用had better + not + 动词原形。在简答语中had常省略为'd，如：You'd better not. 又如：Let's go first. No, we'd better not.
3. between
[误]Among the two trees there is a space of the feet.
[正]Between the two trees there is a space of the feet.
[析]两者之间多用between，三者或三者以上之间则用among.
[误]You must choose between this club or that club.
[正]You must choose between this club and that club.
[析]在两个之间作出选择要用between ... and ...，而不能用between ... or ...
4. big
[误]There was a big rain last night.
[正]There was a heavy rain last night.
[析]大雨在英语中只能用a heavy rain而不要用a big rain.
5. bit
[误]He is a bit fool.
[正]He is a bit of a fool.
[析]a bit可以作程度副词，与a little相同，但它用于名词前应用a bit of, 而用于形容词前则应用a bit，如：I'm a bit tired, 而其简答的否定句应为Not a bit,(一点儿也不。)又如：
--- Do you mind if I open the door?
--- Not a bit.
6. black
[误]The children became black after swimming in the sea.
[正]The children became sunburned after swimming in the sea.
[析]因太阳照晒而皮肤变黑，不应用black而应用sunburned, sun colour或dark.
7. hair
[误]The girl has black eyes and black hair.
[正]The girl has dark eyes and black hair.
[析]英语中black eyes的意思是被打得发青的眼睛。
[误]The Europeans like red tea.
[正]The Europeans like black tea.
[析]红茶在英文中应为black tea. 这种惯用法还有：black and blue(鼻青脸肿，青一块紫一块);black and white(黑白电视片)。go black意为“在失去知觉时眼前一片黑暗”;look black意为“情况不妙，前景暗淡”。如：After the fight he was black and blue. On TV, I like colour for something and black and white for others.
8. body
[误]Going to bed earlier and getting up earlier is good for your body.
[正]Going to bed earlier and getting up earlier is good for your health.
[析]中文常讲对你身体有利，而英文中则讲对你健康有利。
9. borrow
[误]May I lend some books from the library?
[正]May I borrow some books from the library?
[误]How long can I borrow it?
[正]How long can I keep it?
[析]英语中有三个词都可译为“借”，但意义各不相同如：“借入”是borrow，其常用句型结构是borrow something from somebody，这是个瞬间性动词，不可与表示延续的时间状语连用。例如：The students want to borrow some books from the library. “借出”用lend，即借给别人东西。其常用句型是lend somebody something, 或lend something to somebody.例如：Could you lend us your dictionary?或Could you lend your dictionary to us? 它也是瞬间性动词，也不能与延续的时间状语连用。keep则是延续性动词，可以和表示长时间段的时间状语连用，也可与how long等疑问词连用，如：You can keep it for three days.
10. born (bear的过去分词)
[误]I born in Shanghai.
[正]I was born in Shanghai.
[误]He was born from Greek parents.
[正]He was born of Greek parents.
[析]“出身于……样的家庭”不要作from而要用of，例如：He was born of a poor family.
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