2014西藏拉萨高考英语重点词汇复习

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　　appear;seem;look

　　appear, seem, look都有―看起来似……‖之意，但其暗含意思和用法又各有不同。

　　从意义上讲：

　　(1)appear强调外表给人的印象，有时含实质上并非如此的意思，如：

　　He appears to know more than he really does。他看起来好像懂得很多。(其实懂得没有那么多)

　　(2)seem暗示有一定根据的判断，这种判断往往接近事实，如：

　　His health seems to be better.

　　他的健康状况似乎有所好转。

　　(3)look着重由视觉得出的印象，如：

　　He doesn’t look his age.

　　他看起来比实际年龄年轻(或老成)。

　　从用法上讲：

　　seem和appear后可加

　　(to + be)+表语(adj.或n.或prep.)

　　+to v.

　　It + ~ +(that)从句如：

　　He seems/appears(to be)very sad today.

　　=It seems that he is very sad today.

　　It seems like years since I saw you last time.

　　He seems a kind doctor.(=It seems that he is a kind doctor.)

　　He seems/appears to have caught a cold.

　　=It seems/appears that he has caught a cold.

　　look当―看起来似乎…和as if从句。如：

　　He looks strong.

　　She looks like her mother.

　　It looks as if we are going to miss the train.…‖讲时，可接形容词、过去分词、名词、介词短语

　　area; district

　　(1)area表示―地区、区域‖，是普通用词，暗示一个较大的，可能是没有清楚界限的地区，不能用

　　来指行政上的地理单位。如：

　　The old man lives in a mountain area.这位老人生活在山东。

　　This is a less developed area.这是个欠发达地区。

　　Most of the large land areas are connected.多数大块陆地是相连的。

　　(2)district表示―区、地区、区域‖，指为行政管理或选举之目的所分的区。在同一城市，各种性质

　　不同的区域也叫district。如：

　　Where is the District of Columbia?哥伦比亚特区在什么地方?

　　The old man used to work in the jin-Cha-Ji Military District.那位老人曾经在晋察冀军区工作。

　　The northeast part of the city is the residential district.这城市的东北部是住宅区。

　　Arm

　　take…in one’s arms

　　该结构意为―拥抱‖。如：

　　He went into classroom, taking some books in his arms.

　　As a child….:As/When he was a child…，小的时候，该句型中的as为连词，意为―在……的时候‖，引导时间状语从句。当从句与主句主语一致，且从句谓语为be时，可将从句主语及be省略。

　　①Even as(he was)a student,Professor Smith showed great interest in maths.甚至上学的时候，史

　　密斯教授对数学就很感兴趣。

　　②As(he was)a boy,he liked playing table tennis with the grown-ups.小时候，他就喜欢和大人们打乒

　　乓球。

　　as a result 作为结果，结果(发生某情况)，可置于句首，也可置于句末

　　She got up very early. As a result, she was able to catch the early bus.

　　她起得很早，因此她赶上了早班车。

　　He has won the game. He is in high spirits as a result.

　　他赢了比赛，所以他精神高昂。

　　He runs every day .As a result , he has lost weight .他每天跑步，结果他减肥了。

　　as a result of 作为……的结果，as a result of……的结果是

　　As a result of exercise , he has built up his health.

　　The flight was delayed as a result of typhoon.该次班机因台风而延误

　　result in = lead to 导致，造成……结果，如：

　　Hard work results in success.努力终归成功。

　　(= Success results from hard work.成功来自努力)

　　Hard work results in success. 勤奋才会成功。

　　result from 由……产生的结果，如：

　　Success results from hard work. 成功来自勤奋。

　　His illness resulted from overwork. 他的病起因于操劳过渡。

　　as…as

　　as many as 和……一样多/多达;as much as 和……一样多/多达(注意：many指可数的量，much 指不可数词的量);as high as 和……一样高/高达;as thick as 和……一样厚/厚达;as long as 一样长/

　　长达;as deep as 一样深/深达;as early as 一样早/早在……时候，如：

　　We have as many books as they.我们的书和他们的一样多。/The great fire burned down as many

　　as twenty buildings.大火烧毁的大楼多达20座。

　　[应用]汉译英

　　①新桥与旧桥一样长。/这种鱼可长到长达15英尺。

　　②这座山和远处的另一座一样高。/这座山高达4000米。

　　Key:

　　①The new bridge is as long as the old one./The kind

　　of fish can grow as long as 15 feet.

　　②This mountain is as high as another one in the distance./This mountain is as high as 4,000

　　metres.

　　as…as possible:as…as one can尽可能地…….

　　①I’ll come back as soon as possible.我尽可能地……

　　②Get up as early as possible tomorrow morning. 明天早晨尽量早起。

　　as...as...用法小结

　　(1)...as+形容词(副词)原级+as...;not as/so+形容词(副词)原级+as...

　　Their factory is as large as ours.他们的工厂和我们的一样大。

　　I study as hard as you.我和你一样用功学习。

　　He doesn’t get up as/ so early as his parents.他不像他父母那样早起床。

　　(2)……倍数 + as + 形容词(副词)原级+as...

　　Line AB is 3 times as long as Line CD.=Line AB is twice longer than/3 times the length of Line CD.

　　线段AB是线段CD长的3倍。

　　(3)as + 形容词 + a/an + 单数可数名词 + as; as + 形容词+复数名词 + as

　　She is as good many records as possible.我们需要尽量多的唱片。

　　There is as much sugar in it as eight pieces of sugar.其中的含糖量相当于八块方糖。

　　I have’t got as much money as I thought.我没有原来想象的那么多钱。

　　(5)as much/ many as多达……，……那么多

　　On Sports Day, during the relay race, you will use most of all, perhaps as much as 650 calories an

　　hour.在运动会上，进行接力赛跑时，你消耗的能量最多，可能每小时多达650卡。

　　As many as 700 different languages are spoken in Africa.非洲有多达700种不同的语言。

　　He didn’t catch as many as he’d hoped.他没有捉住预想的那么多。

　　(6)as...as possible; as... as one can

　　The teacher should write the words on the blackboard as carefully as he can. =The teacher should write the words on the blackboard as carefully as possible.老师在黑板上应尽可能仔细地把字写好。

　　Please be as friendly as possible to your friends.=Please be as friendly as you can.请对你的朋友尽

　　可能友好。

　　(7)as...as + 年代数字/名词

　　As early as 1950 I knew him.早在1950 年我就认识他了。

　　He walked as far as the post office.他步行到邮局。

　　(8)as/so far as I know

　　As/ So for as I know, he will be away from home for 3 months.就我所知，他将要离家3个月。

　　(9)as soon as—……就……

　　Please let us know as soon as you arrive in Bejing.一到北京，请通知我们一声。

　　(10)as well as 和;也;还有

　　He gave me money as well as advice.他除了给我忠告外，还给我钱。

　　He studies French as well as English.他不但学习英语，而且学习法语。

　　(11)as/so long as 只要;如果

　　You may use that dictionary as long as you take care of it.只要你好好保存，你可以用那本词典。

　　as a matter of fact=in fact事实上、实际上……

　　It seems easy,but as a matter of fact,it’ll take us a long time to work it out.

　　这道题貌似简单，实际上要解出的话很费时间。

　　区别下列用法

　　1)as(so)far as 和……一样远，远至(原级比较或表示距离);就……来讲

　　2)as(so)long as 和……一样长(原级比较);只要(引导条件

　　状语从句)

　　3)as well as和……一样好;既……也……(连接并列成分)

　　4)as good as和……一样好;事实上(作状语)

　　[应用]完成句子

　　①他们实际上已经答应帮助我们了。

　　They have ________ _______ ______ promised to help us.

　　②油漆后的这辆自行车和新的一样。

　　Painted, this bike is _______ _____ ______ a new one.

　　③小李英语说得和汉语一样好。

　　Xiao Li speaks English ______ ______ _____ she speaks

　　Chinese.

　　④他和他的父母对我都很好。

　　He _______ ______ ______his parents is kind to me.

　　⑤晚饭后我们一直到走山脚下。

　　After supper we walked _______ ______ ______the foot of the

　　hill.

　　⑥就我所知，他将离开两个月。

　　______ ______ ______I know, he’ll be away for two months.

　　⑦只要努力，你一定会成功。

　　________ _________ ________you work hard, you’ll succeed in

　　time.

　　⑧这座新建的桥据说和旧的一样长。

　　This newly – built bridge is said to be _________ ________

　　_________the old one.

　　Key:①②as good as;③④as well as

　　⑤as far as ⑥As, far,as

　　⑦As/so,long,as ⑧as,long,as

　　as if可用as though替换，在此引导表语从句，另外它们也可引导状语从句，从句既可用陈述语气，

　　也可用虚拟语气。如：

　　①It looks as if /though it’s going to rain.(陈述语气)

　　②You look as if you’d seen a ghost.(虚拟语气)

　　as is the case with = as with ……就和……的情况一样

　　As is the case with his mother, he is fond of music.

　　跟母亲一样，他喜欢音乐。

　　As with human, animals also love their babies. 同人一样，动物也爱它们的幼仔。

　　as good as

　　as good as 作为固定词组意为―几乎一样‖，―实际上等于‖，作为同级比较结构，意为―和……一样好‖。

　　如：

　　①He is as good at English as me.

　　②My bike is as good as yours.

　　…as it is

　　该固定词组表达意思是―就以(现在)这个样子，‖―根据现在的情况‖。如：He decided to buy the house

　　as it is.

　　as long as/so long as只要

　　(1)引导条件状语从句

　　You may borrow the book as / so long as you keep it clean.

　　只要你不把书弄脏，你就可以借。

　　You will succeed so long as you work hard.

　　只要你努力就会成功。

　　As long as you study hard, you’ll make great progress.

　　只要你努力学习，你就会取得很大进步。

　　(2)和……一样长

　　This rope is as long as that one.这条绳子和那条一样长。

　　This bridge isn’t so/as long as that one.这座桥和那座不一样长。

　　(3)长达……(表时间)

　　The old couple have been living in the small town as long as 50 years.

　　这对老夫妇已在这个小城镇里住了长达50年。

　　as well/ as well as

　　as well 表示―也‖，是副词短语，用作状语，通常放在句末，也可放在主语之后，相当于too,但一般无标点符号与句子隔开.as well as 通常看作一个复合并列连词,连接两个成分相同的词、短语或句子，表示

　　―既……又……，不但……而且……‖当它连接两个主语时，谓语动词的人称和数要与第一个主语保持一致。

　　如：

　　The children learn to read, write and they play games as well.孩子们学习读书写字，他们也做游戏。

　　With television,we can see a picture as well as hear sound.

　　利用电视,我们既能听到声音,又能看到图像.

　　Tom,as well as his parents,likes pop music.

　　汤姆以及他的父母都喜欢流行音乐。

　　as;which引导定语从句异同

　　as, which 都能引导限制性或非限制性的定语从句。

　　(1)在引导限制性定语从句时;

　　①which从句修饰的先行词是名词(词组)，which可与that换用，作宾语时可省去。如：

　　Then grow some tomatoes in one box which has plant food in the soil and some in another box

　　which doesn’t.

　　But the studios(which)he started are still busy today,producing

　　more and more interesting films.

　　②as从句的先行词是the same/such或被the same/such修饰;as可作主、宾、表语，一律不可省

　　略。如：

　　Many of the sports were the same as they are now.(as作表语)

　　He uses the same map as I (use).他和我用的是同一份地图。(as作宾语)

　　Such as beautiful park as is being built was designed by two young engineers.正在建造的如此漂亮

　　的公园是由两个年轻的工程师设计的。(as作主语)

　　The printed newspaper was not such as the chief editor had expected. 印好的报纸并非如主编原来

　　所期望的那样。(as作宾语)

　　(2)在引导非限制性定语从句时，as,which都可作主、宾、表语，都不可省去。

　　①which从句补充说明先行词的用途、性质、状态、特征等。如：

　　At present,the biggest nature park for milu deer in China is in the Nanhaizi Milu Park,which is about

　　20 kilometres south of Beijing.(位置)

　　China Daily has plenty of advertisements, which help to cut

　　the costs of making the newspaper.(用途)

　　One of Charile Chaplin’s most famous films was―The Gold Rush‖,which was made in 1925.(时间)

　　Now, however,the maters of this great lake,which is also the

　　World’s deepest(over 1,740 metres),have been dirtied by waste

　　from a chemical factory.(特征)

　　②which从句还可表示说话人的看法，也可对主句作意义上的补充;which=and it/ this/ that/

　　they;which代表的是先行词、主句或主句的一部分;which从句只能放在先行词或主句后。如： He said she could speak 4 foreign languages, which(=and it)is not true.他说她会四门外语，这是不

　　可能的。(说话人看法，which代表宾语从句部分)

　　比较：He said she could speak 4 foreign languages, which(=and that)surprised every one of us.他

　　说她会四门外语，这使我们每个人都很惊讶。(补充主句，which 代表主句)

　　Leaves are turning yellow, which means autumn is coming. 树叶正在变黄，这意味着秋天就要来

　　了。

　　③as也可代表先行词、主句或主句一部分。但as有―正如‖的意义，其从句可放在主句前或后，如：

　　The Nanjing Changjiang River Bridge,as we all know, was compl-

　　eted in 1969.我们都知道南京长江大桥，它建成于一九六九年。(as代表先行词)

　　To shut your eyes to facts, as many of you do, is foolish.(如)你们许多人(所做的那样)对事实视而

　　不见是愚蠢的。(as代表主语部分)

　　As we know, the earth is round. 我们知道，地球是圆的。

　　ask for 要求，请求

　　ask sb.for sth.向(某人)请求 (要求)……

　　She asked for some advice on how to learn English well.

　　at表示速度、价格、利率

　　at a high/low price以高价/;低价;at 40 miles an hour 以每小时40英里的速度;at a high/low speed以高速/慢速;at an ordinary speed 以普通速度;at full/top speed以全速/高速;at a speed of 以……速

　　度。

　　[应用]完成句子

　　①公司决定以较低的价格将这批电视卖掉。

　　The company decided to sell the TV sets _ __ _ __ __ _ 。

　　②火车正以每小时 150英里的速度前进。

　　The train was running ______ _____ ______ _______150 miles an hour .

　　Key:①at, a, low, price②at,a, speed,of

　　―at+名词‖表示―在进行，从事‖

　　at work 在工作;at table在吃饭;at play 在做游戏;at sea 出海;at university/college在上学;at night school在上夜校;at dinner/table在吃饭;at peace处于和平状态;at war在交战，在打仗

　　①别人在工作，不要吵闹。

　　Don’t make any noise while others are ______ ________.

　　②孩子们在游戏，而他们的父母正在吃饭。

　　The children were ______ ________ while their parents were_______ _______.

　　Key:①at, work

　　②at,play,at,dinner