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2021考研英语：必考核心词汇练习五
Demonstrate
V.论证，证实;演示，说明
【例】Experimental data are used to illustrate the application techniques as well as to demonstrate the validity of the approach.试验数据用来说明应用技术，并验证这个方法的有效性。
【构词】de-(加强)+monstr(表示)+-ate(做)→加强表示→演示，说明
【同义替换】prove, confirm
【派生】demonstration n.论证，证实;演示，说明
【真题】Alvarez’s experience demonstrates the importance of finding ways to diffuse stress before it threatens your health and your ability to function.
Alvarez的经历表明，要在压力威胁到你的健康和机能之前找到方法疏导它，这一点很重要。
Rival
N.竞争者，对手 v.竞争，对抗 a.竞争的
【例】This theoretical question is the subject of two rival doctrines.这一理论问题是两个对立学派争论的焦点。
【构词】riv(河)+-al →两人隔河相望 →对手，竞争者
【同义替换】competitor, opponent, adversary, match
【派生】rivalry n.竞争
【真题】Later, more established companies raced to add such patents to their files, if only as a defensive move against rivals that might beat them to the punch.
随后，更多的老牌公司争先恐后地将此类专利权收入自己的囊中，仅作为防范竞争对手的一种措施，以免被对手抢得先机。
Rigid
A.刚性的;刻板的;严厉的
【例】We fixed a rigid metal bar for hanging clothes.我们装了一根坚硬的金属杆来挂衣服。
【构词】rig(刚硬)+id →刚性的;刻板的
【同义替换】stiff, inflexible, mechanical; strict, stern, severe, rigorous, stringent
【派生】rigidly ad.坚硬地;严格地 rigidness n.坚硬;严格
【真题】The coming of age of the postwar baby boom and an entry of woman into the male-dominated job market have limited the opportunities of teenagers who are already questioning the heavy personal sacrifices involved in climbing Japan’s rigid social ladder to good schools and jobs.
战后婴儿出生高峰期的到来及妇女进入男性主宰的就业市场，限制了青少年的发展机遇，这些青少年已经开始质疑为了进好学校、找好工作、攀登日本等级森严的社会阶梯，他们所做出的沉重的个人牺牲是否值得。
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