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2021考研英语：作文素材之环境类
一、雾霾 haze
The market for dust masks and air purifiers is booming in Beijing because the capital has been shrouded for several days in thick fog and haze .
近几日北京持续被浓重雾霾笼罩，市场上防尘口罩和空气净化器的销量剧增。
工业化 industrialization
I think nobody will disagree ( that ) pollution is a by-product of industrialization .
污染是工业化的一个副产品，我想没人会不同意这看法的。
空气污染指数 air pollution index
The annual average of the air pollution index ( API ) showed a decrease tendency in recent 3 years , and put forward the air pollution preventing and curing countermeasures .
空气污染指数(API)年平均值近三年间均有下降趋势，并针对空气污染提出了相应整改措施。
橙色预警 orange alert
The Central Station ( CMS ) yesterday morning extended the warning of a strong cold spell and snowstorms by issuing an orange alert , the second-highest level .
中央气象台昨天上午发布了强冷空气和暴雪预警，将预警级别提高到了二级橙色预警级别。
悬浮颗粒物 airborne particulate matter
Long-term exposure to airborne particulate matter reduces lung function and increases the risk of getting lung cancer .
长期暴露于空气中的浮粒污染物可引致浮粒滞留在肺中，并减低肺功能及增加肺癌的风险。
有毒物质 toxic substance
Nicotine is one of key factors related to tobacco quality and a toxic substance in environment , in fact , nicotine is the major harmful ingredient in wastewater and tobacco waste .
尼古丁是影响烟叶品质的重要因素之一，也是一种环境有毒物质，是烟草工业废水和烟草废弃物中的主要有害成分。
空气质量检测 air quality monitoring
All large and medium-sized Chinese cities will have greater air quality monitoring by 2010 .
截止到2010年前，我国所有大、中城市的空气质量监督机制将会再迈上一个台阶。
有害空气污染物 hazardous airborne pollutant
污浊的空气 foul air
City dwellers inhale foul air .
城市居民吸进污浊的空气。
防尘口罩 anti-dust gauze mask
能见度低 low visibility
It reported that heavy fog and low visibility were prolonging the encounter .
报导说，大雾和能见度很低延长了这次冲突的时间。
机动车尾气尘 vehicle exhaust
Gasoline service stations and motor vehicle exhaust also release benzene .
汽油加油站和机动车的尾气也释放苯。
乘客滞留 passengers stranded
A huge number of flights have been delayed or cancelled , nearly three hundred in Beijing alone , leaving thousands of passengers stranded .
许多航班已经被延迟或取消，单单在北京就有近300班，数千名乘客滞留。
释放、泄漏有害气体和液体 discharge/ let out/ leak/ pour out harmful gases and liquids
On the other hand , a host of newly-built factories continue to discharge harmful gases and liquids , which seriously pollute the environment .
另一方面，许多新建的工厂继续排放严重污染环境的有害气体和液体。
二、环境类范文
Here is a picture, interesting but with profound implication. As is vividly depicted in the photo, there is severe air pollution, which successfully captures our eyes. After a close watch, it is not difficult to find that human are working together to fight it. Apparently, what the drawing has subtly conveyed is supposed to be given further analysis.
A conclusion could be drawn from the picture: we human should work together to solve the pollution issue. And my words are based upon the following two reasons. On the top of the list is that air pollution has become common in our country and individuals have no enough strength to cope with it. In addition, there is the other point that no one can ignore. It is universally admitted that pollution is the result of neglect of the general public and government, and it has resulted in severe loss in economy.
According to the analysis above, it is advisable for us to take steps to cultivate this life attitude. Of all the steps, mass media may play a major role in solving this problem.
2021考研英语：作文素材之思考进步类
一、善于思考、打破教条、考虑现状
Likewise, dogmatic beliefs, inconsistent with (与…不符)empirical reality, would impede individuals from (阻碍)achieving their goals.
同理，与经验现实不符的教条观念会阻碍人们打成目标。
To break from the blinkered (思想狭隘的)mindset of dogmatism, one should tune into (注意，了解)what’s going on and keep in rhythm with (保持与…节奏一致)changes in daily living.
要打破教条主义的狭隘思想，就要了解周遭正发生着什么，与日常生活中的变化保持节奏一致。
Meanwhile, it is imperative to approach alternative views with an open mind rather than becoming a prisoner of your own myopic (目光短浅的)mental model.
同时，须以开放的思想对待各种不同观点，勿做短浅自我思维之囚。
2021考研英语：作文素材积累之创新
一、创新
Sheer investment of time and energy has become an outdated way of work.
纯粹投入时间和精力的工作方式早已过时了。
If we review the history of human civilization, we shall find that pursuit of efficiency is the driving force (推动力)behind many inventions.
如果我们回顾人类文明的历史，就会发现追求效率是很多发明背后的推动力。
A feasible new idea is able to help us greatly save labor and improve efficiency (极大地节约劳力、提高效率).
一个可行的新想法能帮助我们极大地节约劳力和提高效率。
Routines are always precious experiences (宝贵的经验), but sometimes we have to break the routine(打破常规) to find more appropriate ways to be in line with (符合)the actual reality.
惯例常常是宝贵的经验，但有时我们需要打破常规，寻找更符合现状的、更恰当的方式。
Even the most advanced methods will drop behind (落伍)one day, and even the wisest mind will be the obstacle to new things if it is confined by (受…禁锢) a certain mode.
再先进的方法，终究会有落伍的时候再智慧的头脑，一旦被一种模式禁锢，也会成为阻挠新事物产生的顽石。
Only when we don’t stick to (拘泥于) inherent routines and be diligent in thinking and innovating can we make a brand new life.
我们只有不拘泥于固有套路，勤于思考，努力创新，才会打造出全新的生活。
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