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2021考研英语：阅读练习写作技巧(6)
一、认知
It is difficult to the point of impossibility for the average reader under the age of forty to imagine a time when high-quality arts criticism could be found in most big-city newspapers. Yet a considerable number of the most significant collections of criticism published in the 20th century consisted in large part of newspaper reviews. To read such books today is to marvel at the fact that their learned contents were once deemed suitable for publication in general-circulation dailies.
总共就三句话，32字+23字+24字，希望同学们在学习句子扩充的过程当中，能够更深一个层次地理解我关于句子升级数量和质量的讲解，顺便理解一下我为何要你们锻炼把一个句子在质量提升的前提下扩充为30个字的能力。
二、解析
It is difficult to the point of impossibility(看不懂这里，可以跳过去，反正整个句子的正负不会受到影响) for the average reader under the age of forty to imagine a time when high-quality arts criticism could be found in most big-city newspapers.
整个句子当中，under the age of 40是关于the average reader的名词修饰，而后面的when则是关于time的定语修饰，这两个都是上课的时候教授过的内容，至于to the point of impossibility，就算看不太懂，也可以推断出来to the point，是“到xx程度”的意思，而后面的of imposibility则体现出从困难到不可能的动态过程，比我们原来所惯用的extremely difficult更为形象生动。
同学们啊，看看别人怎么写topic sentence的啊……
Yet(偶尔不用howerver和nevertheless其实不会死人的) a considerable(看到了吧，还在用a large number of的同学们，面壁吧，还在用many的同学们，回火星吧) number of the most significant(知道前面的Number处为何不用significant修饰了吧?) collections of criticism published in the 20th century(定语后置) consisted in large part of newspaper reviews.
同学们啊，看看别人怎么写现象和例证的啊……
To read such books today(上课教过的不定式做主语成分) is to marvel at the fact that their learned contents were once deemed suitable for publication in general-circulation dailies.(同位语从句，不要再做在家里面自己编一些the news that he won the competition is exciting之类的句子了啊，刚开始编不出来的。直接借用别人的套路就可以再创造了。)
不得不提及一下marvel作为动词的用法，毕竟平时大家看到的多是名词marvel和形容词marvelous。这里表示“对xx惊讶”的意思。这里顺便提及一下学习一个单词并用其造句的好方法--quotes，于是我们看到了艾默生的：
if the stars should appear but one night every thousand years, how man would marvel and stare.
Ralph Waldo Emerson quotes (American Poet, Lecturer and Essayist, 1803-1882)
同学们啊，看看别人怎么写小结的啊……
三、应用
这里的应用分为两个层面，一个是关于中间段落的模式，一个是关于微观句子的写作。这一段坦率讲是再单一不过的主题句，支撑细节，小节句的写法了，只要大家学会了上课所教授过的“用现象支撑观点”以及“从现象推出观点”，就很容易搭建这样的模式，否则再好的模板也是枉然。经常让同学随便造一个句子，答曰：天气很好。我倒是可以用这个素材写出N种版本的句子，但是同学们是否能学的会么?你们给出的句子，都无法变成好的英文，难道我给的句子，你们反而可以?所以，恳请看到这里的同学，深度思考自己是否已经具备了挖掘现象和观点的能力。
文章里面所涉及到的是年轻人很难想象到在过去如何如何，所以今天读起来，觉得惊讶，仿写起来如果觉得困难，我们至少可以反过来思考，老年人很难想象现在年轻人的文章里面都充斥着什么。比如，网络俚语的盛行。例证可以举出在考试作文当中也大量出零零总总的网络俚语。然后得出结论，如果他们读到充满着咆哮体少将体淘宝体银镯体等各种体组成的书信，会是怎样的感觉(想想很早以前的《一封家书》如果被网络俚语入侵，会是什么情况)?
It is difficult to the point of impossibility for the average reader under the age of forty to imagine a time when high-quality arts criticism could be found in most big-city newspapers.
It is difficult to the point of impossibility for the average person over the age of 60 to imagine a situation where a large quantity of non-standard Chinese could be found in almost every sort of articles online.
Yet a considerable number of the most significant collections of criticism published in the 20th century consisted in large part of newspaper reviews.
Yet a considerable number of "the most prominent collections" of cyber slangs prevailing in the 21st century mass media--the Internet in particular--consist of a great amonut of non-standard or even misspelled Chinese.
To read such books today is to marvel at the fact that their learned contents were once deemed suitable for publication in general-circulation dailies.
To read such articles today is to marvel at the fact that these popularized phrases are widely deemed suitable or entertaining for formal presentations, essays for examinations or family letters to elders.
四、变通
这段里面所想强调的是时间的差异，我们在写作文的过程当中，为了吸取这方面的精华，可以先考虑好差异，然后再定性，不一定非要是时间的维度。在变通的时候，最起码可以想到的是空间的维度，这样可以写的就多了。大家试试看吧，比如我常说到的东西方差异。
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