2012高考英语-词义推断题解题方法（二）

　　The fire started on Sunday morning in the house of the King’s baker (面包师)in Pudding Lane. The baker, with his wife and family, was able to get out through a window in the roof. A strong wind blew the fire from the bakery (面包房)into a small hotel next door. Then it spread quickly into Thames Street. That was the beginning.

　　The underlined word “family” in the second paragraph means　　.

　　A. home　　　　　　B. children　　　　　　　　　　C. wife and husband　　 D. wife and children

　　根据的句子结构，family与baker、wife、之间应该是并列关系，表示同类概念，即“家人”。Home是“家庭”，不是“家人”的意思，与baker, wife不是同类概念，可以排除；句子中已经提到 baker 和wife，因此，C、D在概念上与前文重复，也可以排除，因此，只有B才是正确的。又如：

　　A bike tour and race will be held on August 26 and 27(Sat. & Sum.). At 5:30am, the riders will leave Tian’anmen Square and ride the first 35 kilometres as a training leg. Then the next 55 kilometre leg, from Yanjiao to Jixian, will be the first competitive(竞争性的) part of the tour. The riders and their bikes will then be taken from Jixian to Changli.

　　The second racing leg of the tour will be from Changli to the seaside of Nandaihe, covering a distance of 20 kilometres. …

　　The underlined word “leg” in “Bicycle tour and race” probably means ______.

　　A. race　　　　　　　　 B. practice　　　　　　　　　C. part of the training　　 D. part of the tour

　　文段中有三个句子的表述与 leg 的意思相关，即： “…as a training leg”; “…Then the next 55 lilometre leg will be the first competitive part of the tour”; “The second racing leg of the tour…”。从以上的表述来看，leg这个词既含有training的意思，也含有race的意思。A选项只含有“race”的意思、B、C两个选项只含有 training 的意思，只有D选项既含有 race 的意思也含有training 的意思，符合文意，因此，是正确答案。

　　6. 根据文章的背景进行判断。如：

　　JINTAN, JIANGSU: The 20 students — 18 boys and 2 girls —had a thousand reasons to be proud of themselves. They had just climbed their way to the top rung(阶梯)out of 4 million students taking part in the Fifth National Hua Luogeng Gold Cup Mathematics Contest (竞赛)on Tuesday evening.

　　The 20 gold medal winners are all primary and middle school students under the age of 14. ‘Many of the problems are of college level and these pupils can figure them out. It is just unbelievable!’ said a teacher from Guangdong province.

　　The underlined phrase ‘figure out’ in the text means ______.

　　A. work out　　　　　　　　　B. add up　　　　　　　　　　C. guess　　　　　　　　　　D. study

　　文段叙述的是第五届全国华罗庚杯数学竞赛的获奖情况，划线部分的“them”指的是“many of the problems”，因此，根据文段所叙述的竞赛这一背景，可以断定划线部分的动词应该是计算的意思，只有A选项符合文意，因此，是可能正确的答案。

　　Quietly, the graying of America has made us a very different society— one in which people have a quite different idea of what kind of behavior (行为)is suitable (合适) at various ages.

　　The underlined word ‘one’ refers to ______.

　　A. a society　　　　　　　　 B. America　　　　　　　　　 C. a place　　　　　　　　　 D. population

　　从结构上看，one与society是同位关系，因此，A选项符合题意，是正确答案。