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2013中考英语备考:语法特辑“代词”

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2012-10-20 12:57

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  代词的分类:

  (一)指示代词:this , that , these , those. this , that一般与可数名词的单数连用,而不与不可数名词连用。

  that apple ( √ ) that meat ( × )

  (二)人称代词、物主代词和反身代词

  1)人称代词:主格、宾格(作主语为主格, 作宾语为宾格; 介+宾格)

  eg. 1)I thank you

  2)You thank me.

  2)物主代词:形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。

  eg. This is _____(我的)book. This book is ______(我的). [ my ; mine]

  3)反身代词:某某自己;亲自

  单数复数

  yourselfyourselves

  myselfourselves

  himselfthemselves

  herself

  itself

  反身代词的常见搭配:

  1.enjoy oneself 玩得高兴;过得愉快

  2.hurt oneself 伤着自己

  3.teach oneself = learn… by oneself 自学

  4.(all) by oneself (完全)独立地

  5.help oneself to 请自便;随便吃…

  6.look after oneself 自理;照顾自己

  7.leave one by oneself 把…单独留下

  8.lose oneself in 陶醉于…;沉浸于…

  (三)不定代词

  1)some与any

  一般情况下,some用于肯定句,any用于否定句、疑问句(但表邀请、建议的问句中可用some—此类句型常以could , would开头)

  2) many + 可数 = a lot of : 许多

  much + 不可数

  (但a lot of不能用于否定句)

  3) few , a few ; little , a little

  ①.The story is easy to read. There are ____new words in it.

  ②.Hurry up! There is_____ time left.

  4) everyone / anyone 不加of

  no one 不加 of

  none of

  ( )____ of us wants to read the book.

  A. Everyone B. Every one

  C. Nobody D. No one

  5)相互代词other ,another , others

  单数复数

  泛指another

  三者以上的另一个定语主语、宾语

  othersome…others

  特指one…the other

  一个…另一个the others =the other+复名(另外的人或物)

  ①.We study _____ subjects besides Chinese.

  ②.May I have ___________ apple ?

  ③.These cups are clean. ________ are dirty.

  ④.I have two pens. One is red , ________ is blue. [ other ; another ; others ; the others]

  each other (两者的)相互

  We should learn from each other(说明we指两个人)

  They help one another (说明they指三个人以上)

  6) 二者与三者

  复数单数单数

  二者both(都)neither(都不)either(任何一个)

  三者all(都)none(都不)any(任何一个)

  注意:

  ① .both 否定 neither all 否定 none

  ②.both , all 不但作主语为复数,且被修饰的词也为复数;neither , none作主语为单数,但none of + 复名,neither of + 复名

  ( )1.____ of my parents is a teacher.

  A. None B. Neither C. Both D. All

  ( )2.There are many trees on ____ side of the river.

  A. both B. any C. either D. all

  every one / any one of

  7) each: (二者以上的)每个

  every: (三者以上的)每个

  ①.____ student in the class likes English.

  ②.___ of the students studied hard.

  表否定表肯定

  可数few(几乎没有)a few(几个;一些)

  不可数little(几乎没有)a little(一点儿少许)

  -

  主格宾格形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词反身代词

  I

  You

  He

  she

  It

  we

  they

  练 习

  人称代词和物主代词练习:

  1.________(我) am a teacher.

  2.My father is talking with _______(我).

  3._______(他) often plays basketball after school.

  4._______(他的) teacher is good.

  5._______(我们) buy a pair of shoes for _______(他).

  6.Please pass_____(我们) the ball.

  7._______(他们) are listening to the radio.

  8.This is _______(我的) book. That is__________(他的)

  9._______(他的) chair is blue. _____________( 我们的) is yellow.

  10._______(我们的) classroom is big.__________( 你们的) is small.

  11._______(他) often plays basketball after school.

  12._______(他的) teacher is good. _____(她的)is good too.

  13.He likes _____ (我的)pen. He doesn”t like _____. (她的)

  选择题:

  ( )1.____office is much smaller than ____.

  A. Ours ; yours B. Our ; yoursC. Theirs ; our

  ( )2. “Help___ to some meat.”my uncle said to me .

  A. themselves B. yourself C. yourselves

  ( )3. There are twenty teachers in our school. Eight of them are men teachers and ____ are women teachers.

  A. others B. the others C. another

  ( )4.There isn’t ____ paper in the box. Will you go and get ____ for me ?

  A. any ; some B. any ; any C. some ; any

  ( )5.There are many trees on ___ sides of the street.

  A. both B. all C. each

  ( )6.___ of them has a dictionary and ____ one of them can look up words in it.

  A. Each ; every B. Every; each C. Every; every

  ( )7. “When shall we meet, this afternoon or tonight?”

  “I don’t mind. ____ time is OK.

  A. Either B. Every C. Neither

  ( )8.Would you like ___ cup of tea?

  A. other B. the other C. another

  ( )9.The two friends were so pleased to see each other that they forgot _____.

  A. other everything B. anything else

  C. everything else.

  ( )10.____ of his parents is a teacher.

  A. Both B. Neither C. None

  ( )11.The river is very dirty. ____ people go to swim in it.

  A. Few B. A few C. Little

  ( )12.A friend of ____ came to see ____ yesterday.

  A. his ; his B. he ; him C. his ; him

  ( )13.You can’t leave your baby by ___ at home.

  A. herself B. himself C. itself

  ( )14. My father is very busy with his work. He has ___ time to have a rest.

  A. little B. a little C. few

  ( )15.I have three skirts. One is red. ___ two are black.

  A. another B. the other C. the others

  ( )16.Jack has ___ friends here. So he often feels lonely.

  A. a little B. a few C. few

  ( )17.Who teaches ___ French?

  A. we B. our C. us

  ( )18.The boys were all tired, but ___ of them stopped to have a rest.

  A. any B. some C. none

  ( )19.Sorry, I can’t answer your question. I know ____ about the news.

  A. a little B. little C. few

  ( )20.—Hello, Bill! Help ____ to a cake .

  —Thanks .
 


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