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2021考研英语：词汇的语法精要
一、形容词的句法功能
形容词在句中做定语、表语和主语。考生应注意：
(1)以 “a” 开头的形容词如alone, alike, asleep, awake等不能做前置定语，可做表语或后置定语。
(2)某些以副词词缀 “-ly” 结尾的词是形容词，如friendly, leisurely, lovely等。
(3)下列动词既是实义动词又是系动词，注意用做系动词时，要求形容词做表语：remain, keep, become, get, grow, go, come, turn, stay, stand, run, prove, seem, appear, look。如：
All those left undone may sound great in theory, but even the truest believer has great difficulty when it comes to specifics.
二、副词主要测试其修饰作用
考生应了解：副词可修饰谓语动词、非谓语动词、形容词、副词、介词短语、整个句子。如：
This pair of shoes isn’t good, but that pair is hardly better.
(与前半句的否定意义吻合)
It’s essential that people be psychologically able to resist the impact brought about by the transition from planned economy to market economy.
Andrew, my father’s younger brother, will not be at the picnic, much to the family’s disappointment.
Most of us are of the opinion that this set of training program is among the most wisely devised ones we have seen so far.
三、考比较级时，考生应把握
(1)形容词和副词比较级的形式是否和比较连词对应出现，即是否符合原级比较及比较级的结构。如：
Do you enjoy listening to records? I find records are often as good as, or better than an actual performance.
On the whole, ambitious students are more likely to succeed in the...
考研英语有许多题目组成，方便大家及时了解，下面由出国留学网小编为你精心准备了“2020考研英语：长难句每日一句语法解析(41)”，持续关注本站将可以持续获取更多的考试资讯!
2020考研英语：长难句每日一句语法解析(41)
( 2013年 Section Ⅱ Reading Comprehension Part A Text 4 第1段第2句)
But on the more important matter of the Constitution,the decision was an 8-0 defeat for the Administration’s effort to upset the balance of power between the federal government and the states.
译文：但在宪法这一重要的问题上，最高法院以8：0的结果挫败了奥巴马政府试图打败联邦政府与各州间权力平衡的努力。
分析：本句的主干是…the decisionwasan 8-0 defeat…。表语后面跟了一个目的状语for the Administration’s effort…。在该状语中，动词不定式to upset the balance…the states是effort的后置定语，解释了effort的内容。
词汇指南
defeat [di'fi:t](n./v.)战胜,击败失败,受挫(高考词汇)(2013年-阅读4)(defe=defend-防御，at=fault-缺点,缺陷 &rarr 找到了防御中的缺陷、一举拿下&mdash&mdash即“战胜,击败”，引申为“失败,受挫”，反向同源。)
balance [ˈbæləns](n.)平衡(基础词汇)(2006年-阅读4、2013年-阅读4)(bal-由“be-使”和“equal-平衡的”组合而来，ance-名词后缀 &rarr 平衡)
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