定义法
界定一个概念的关键内涵;或者认定某个事物符合某个定义,从而得出结论。例如:
论点:Radical feminists are not good citizens.
论据:Radical feminists lack family values.
推理依据:Family values characterize the good citizes.
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因果关系论证法 将一个判断放入一个因果关系中,指出它或者是原因,或者是结果。例如:
论点:The internet may be causing depression.
论据:When a group of people increased their use of the Internet , they felt depressed.
推理依据:There are no other re...[ 查看全文 ]
类比论证法
用我们已知的、熟悉的事物同未知的。不熟悉的事物加以比较,并用前者的情况解释者 的情况。分为三种:纵向类比(过去的事物同现在的、同一类事物的类比)、横向类比(同一 时期、同一事物之间的类比)、比喻式类比(不同类别事物之间的类比)。例如:
1.纵向类比(Historical analogy)
论点:Many people will die of SARS.
论据:Many pe...[ 查看全文 ]
引用权威论证法
引用公认的权威,或者论证自己就是权威从而对自己的观点加以论证。例如:
论点:China's economy will grow 8 poercent this year.
论据:Professors and scientists say so.
推理依据:These experts are reliable....[ 查看全文 ]
诉诸尝试法
利用人们的常识【包括:普遍的价值观念、人的普遍动机、生活常识】进行论证。例如:
1.诉诸普遍性的价值观念。
论点:The university curriculum should be multicultural.
论据:A multicultural curriculum will contribute to equality and acceptance.
推理依据:Y...[ 查看全文 ]
反证法
假设一个观点是正确的,然后却推导出荒谬的结论。例如:
论点:An industrious man must also be thrifty.
论据:With only industry but without thrift ,the person will end uo bankrupt.
推理依据:An industrious person ending up bankrupt...[ 查看全文 ]
统计数据论证法 提供数据,以资论证。例如:
论点:We should end the current poverty-relief program.
论据:It costs $45 million per year.
推理依据:This is too much;it proves we should end it.
只是一个详细的结构上的分析说明,在具体运用时,我们经常讲推理依据和论据放在...[ 查看全文 ]
以下是关于领导者的能力的新GRE issue写作范文实例,通过这些GRE写作范文或是习作,考生可以学习一下里面的短语、句子或思路,给自己的写作找一些思路和灵感。
题目:
The most essential quality of an effect ive leader is the ability to remain consistently committed to particula...[ 查看全文 ]
题目:
If a goal is worthy, then any means taken to attain it are justifiable.
只要值得,不择手段达到目的是合理的。
正文:
The speaker claim that if a goal if worthwhile, then any means taken to achieve this goal is jus...[ 查看全文 ]