出国留学网雅思作文限定性定语从句

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剖析雅思作文限定性定语从句

 

  接下来,出国留学网雅思作文栏目小编要和大家详解的就是雅思写作语法——限定性定语从句,希望能给大家的雅思作文备考有所帮助!

  在雅思写作中,一般的简单句会用一个形容词做定语来修饰一个名词,但当定语成分太过复杂而不能只用单个形容词担当时,就要借助于一个句子来做定语修饰名词。

  像这样由句子担当定语,对被修饰的先行词进行有限定制约,使该词的含义更具体,更明确,我们称之为限定性定语从句,下面我们结合例句进行对比学习:

  a)I don’t like lazy people(形容词做定语放在名词前面).

  b)I don’t like the people who never keep their words. 我不喜欢从不遵守诺言的人.

  在限定性定语从句中,有两个比较重要的概念。以b句为例,独立主句是:I don’t like the people;定语从句为“who neverkeep their words”,相当于一个形容词,做定语修饰名词“the people”, 且从句和主句是由who来连接的。在定语从句中,“thepeople”被称为先行词,指被定语从句所修饰或限制的对象。“who”被称为关系词即重复指代先行词,并在定语从句中充当一定成分的连词。

  从上面的解析不难看出,关系词在限定性定语从句中很重要,是连接主句和从句的关键。关系词可以分为关系代词和关系副词,下面我们一起来进行具体的学习。

  I.关系代词主要有:who, whom, whose, which, that.

  A. 当先行词为人时,可用关系代词who,whom,whose 和that.

  a. 若关系代词在从句中做主语时,选用 who 或that.

  eg:The woman is a responsible teacher who /that is loved by herstudents.

  = The woman is a responsible teacher and she is loved by her students.

  b. 若关系代词在从句中做宾语时,选用 whom(首选),who 或that.

  eg: The girl whom we are talking about is a good friend of us.

  c. 若关系代词在从句中做定语,表示人的所有关系时,选用 whose 或of whom.

  Eg:I know a friend whose sister is a famous dancer.

  = I know a friend. His sister is a famous dancer. (whose 代替了his,指人friend)

  B.当先行词为物时,可用关系代词which, that 或whose.

  a. 若关系代词在从句中做主语或宾语时,选用 which 或that.

  Eg:These are the trees which / that are destroyed in the fire(做主语).

  b. 若关系...