出国留学网考研英语语法备考

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2021考研英语:独立主格结构的语法赏析

 

  考研英语备考很多事情都要提上日程了,看看哪些是该注意的,下面由出国留学网小编为你精心准备了“2021考研英语:独立主格结构的语法赏析”,持续关注本站将可以持续获取更多的考试资讯!

  2021考研英语:独立主格结构的语法赏析

  语法是考研英语的基础,这部分在研究生英语考试中不再单独考查,但是语法知识贯穿在整个英语考卷的各个题型中。 完型填空题会直接考查语法知识;阅读理解题和英译汉中有大量的长难句,这些句子只有具备一定的语法知识才能正确分析;作文中要写出正确无误的句子,也需要语法知识。这部分基础如果欠缺,其它的综合能力提高起来将会很慢,所以所有考生都务必重视考研语法的复习。

  独立主格结构由名词或代词加上其他成分(分词、不定式、名词、代词、形容词、副词或介词短语)构成。

  独立主格结构没有主语和谓语,所以在语法上不是句子。但多有名词或代词表示的逻辑主语,分词或不定式表示的逻辑谓语,有时还有其他修饰成分。(判断一个结构是否是句子的标准就是看看这个结构是否有谓语动词。)这种结构通常在句子中起方式、时间、原因、条件等状语或状语从句的作用,主要用于书面语。使用动词非谓语形式的独立主格结构可以改为句子形式(从句):独立主格结构加上连词,非谓语动词改为谓语动词形式,这样就成为从句了。

  例如:

  Today being Sunday, the library isn\' t open.今天星期天,图书馆不开放。

  (原因)改为从句:

  As (Since) today is Sunday, the library isn\' t open.

  例如:

  There being no buses,we had to take a taxi. 没有汽车了,我们只好坐出租车了。

  Because there were no buses, we had to take a taxi.

  The signal given,the bus started.信号发出后,公共汽车就启动了。

  (时间)改为从句:

  After the signal was given, the bus started.

  The boy followed that man here,and climbed in,sword in hand.少年跟那个人到这里,并爬了进来,手里拿着剑。

  The boy followed that man here,and climbed in,and had a sword in his hand.

  The mid-term examination is over, the end-of-term examination to come two months later.期中考试结束了,两个月之后进行期末考试.

  The mid-term examination is over, and the end-of-term examination is to come two months later.

  Weather permitting, we\' 11 visit th...

2021年考研英语:非谓语动词语法复习指示

 

  考研英语备考很多事情都要提上日程了,看看哪些是该注意的,下面由出国留学网小编为你精心准备了“2021年考研英语:非谓语动词语法复习指示”,持续关注本站将可以持续获取更多的考试资讯!

  2021年考研英语:非谓语动词语法复习指示

  一、接不定式或动名词做宾语都可以,但在意思上有区别的动词的用法

  mean to do想要(做某事) propose to do 打算(做某事)

  mean doing意味(做某事) propose doing建议(做某事)

  forget to do忘记(要做的事) remember to do记得(要做某事)

  forget doing忘记(已做的事) remember doing记得(已做过的事)

  go on to do继而(做另一件事) stop to do停下来去做另一件事

  go on doing继续(做原来的事) stop doing停止正在做的事

  regret to do(对将要做的事)遗憾 regret doing(对已做过的事)后悔

  如:

  Mr. Jankin regretted having blamed his secretary for the mistake, for he later discovered it was his own fault.

  The boy is constantly being told not to scratch the paint off the wall, but he goes on doing it all the same.

  二、不定式的习惯用法

  句型:cannot help but do cannot but do

  cannot choose but do can do nothing but do

  have no choice/alternative but to do

  上述句型的意思接近,即“不得不做”、“不禁做”、“不由自主地做”、“不能不做”、“只能做”。其共同的特点是都有一个否定词和but。如:

  Nobody can help but be fascinated by the world into which he is taken by the science fiction.When I consider how talented he is as a painter, I cannot help but believe that the public will appreciate his gift.

  三、动名词的习惯用法

  句型:be busy/active doing sth. have difficulty/trouble/problem doing sth.

  It’s no good/use/picnic doing sth. have a good/great/wonderful time doing sth.<...

考研英语语法:It专场秀

 

  出国留学网考研网在这里为您提供:考研英语语法:It的用法,希望您能有所收获。希望各位奋斗在考研前线的同学们可以针对性学习,掌握学习技巧,攻克难关。

  熟悉真题的同学们肯定知道,it在英语中尤其是阅读和翻译中往往作用巨大。It分为两种情况,一种是指代性it,另一种则为非指代性it。

  指代性it一般是指人称代词it。 it作人称代词时可指代事物、动物、婴儿、未知的人或一件事。

  例句1:It’s a theory to which many economists subscribe, but in practice it often leaves railroads in the position of determining which companies will flourish and which will fail. 这句话中第二个it就是指代前面的theory。这是一个许多经济学家赞同的理论,但是在实际中,它往往会使得铁路处于一个决定哪些公司会兴旺,哪些公司会衰败的地位中。

  例句2: Until these issues are resolved, a technology of behavior will continue to be rejected, and with it possibly the only way to solve our problems. 在这句话中,it指代a technology of behavior will continue to be rejected 这一情况。除非这些问题得到解决,研究行为的技术手段就会继续受到排斥,解决问题的唯一方法也可能随之受到排斥。

  第二种情况是非指代性it。非指代性it是相对于作人称代词的it而言的。他们往往没有具体意义上的主语,它用于表示气候、温度、时间、地点、距离等。非指代性it常作seem, appear, look, happen, occur, follow等动词的主语,构成特定的句型。

  例句:From an analysis of the hot-spot population it appears that the African plate is stationary and that it has not moved during the past 30 million years.这句中it没有实际意义,为非指代性用法,that引导表语从句。从热点人口分析中可以看出,非洲板块是静止不动的,而且在过去的三百万年中也从未移动过。

  当然,在考研考试中,it的重难点更加具体和明确。

  it 做先行词。it做形式主语或者形式宾语。It作形式主语时,往往放在句首,将真正的主语(动词不定式、动名词、从句)放在之后。其中it可作形式主语指代不定式,这时常见的谓语有:take, pay, make, cost, require, feel, annoy, need等。另外,it形式主语指代It形式主语指代从句,而且主要形式为It is+a.+than; It is+n.+that; It is+done+that; It+vi+that;

  例如:It is difficult to t...