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09-04
考研英语长短句翻译的注意事项是什么，想了解的考生看过来，下面由出国留学网小编为你精心准备了“2021考研英语：长短句翻译表达技巧”，持续关注本站将可以持续获取更多的考试资讯!
2021考研英语：长短句翻译表达技巧
由于文化上的差异，英译汉时有时直译原文就会使译入语读者感到费解，甚至误解。这时，就有必要借用汉语中意义相同或相近、且具有自己鲜明文化色彩的表达法对原文加以归化。归化翻译法常用于处理某些英语成语、典故、形象词语等一类文化色彩较浓的表达方式。恰倒好处地归化可以使译文地道简洁、生动活泼，便于译入语读者理解和接受。
(8) It was， as Bill afterwards expressed it， "during a moment of temporary mental apparition"， but we didn't find that out till later.
恰如后来比尔说的那样，那阵子简直是"一时鬼迷心窍".不过，我们直到后来才明白了这个意思。
(apparition在原文中是鬼魂或幽灵出现的意思。mental apparition直译是"心中有鬼"，这就很容易给人造成误解，因此需要多少将原形象适当地转换一下。)
(9) They will be ice-skating in hell the day， when I vote the aid for them.
要我投票赞成给他们援助，除非太阳从西边出来。
(ice-skating in hell如译成"在地狱里滑冰"就很难为中国读者所理解和接受。)
(10). "Until her husband won the pools， she was the most commonplace， dowdy， illiterate creature imaginable，but now that she dresses herself up like a society queen and nearly always remembers to sound her aitches， people are already beginning to forget what she was like before.
"Fine feathers make fine birds."
"过去没有比她更平平常常、无知无识而又邋邋遢遢的了，自从她男人赢得全部赌注以后，她打扮得象个社交皇后，总是记住发H的音，人们开始忘记她以前是什么样子了。"
"人靠衣裳马靠鞍嘛。"
(11) I'd much rather see her once or twice and not do anything about it–;–;what could I do about it anyway? She's a bit out of my class， don't you think? If I did try to do anything， I'd only get sent off with a flea in my ear.
我宁愿见她一两面就算了─...
09-02
考研英语句子翻译练习如何开展，下面由出国留学网小编为你精心准备了“2021考研：英语长短句翻译练习”，持续关注本站将可以持续获取更多的考试资讯!
2021考研：英语长短句翻译练习
第118句
if the small hot spots look as expected, that will be a triumph for yet another scientific idea, a refinement of the big bang called the inflationary universe theory.
译文：如果那些小热点看上去同预料的一样，那将是又一科学观点的胜利，这种观点完善了大爆炸论，被称为宇宙膨胀理论。
第119句
for him to be re-elected, what is essential is not that his policy works, but that the public believe that it does.
译文：他如果想要再次当选，关键的并不是他的政策本身奏效，而是公众要相信他的政策有效。
第116句
the existence of the giant clouds was virtually required for the big bang, first put forward in the 1920s, to maintain its reign as the dominant explanation of the cosmos.
译文：巨大的宇宙云的存在，实际上是使20世纪20年代首次提出的大爆炸论得以保持其宇宙起源论的主导地位所不可缺少的。
第117句
astrophysicists working with ground-based detectors at the south pole and balloon-borne instruments are closing in on such structures, and may report their findings soon.
译文：天体物理学家们使用南极陆基探测器和球载仪器，他们正越来越近地观测这样的云系，也许不久就会报告他们的观测结果。
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今天出国留学网英语栏目的小编给大家带来"考研英语长短句翻译每日一练(12.20)"，以下是详细内容，希望对同学们有所帮助!
1. Instead, the best strategy is to use the agent as a kind of tip service to keep abreast of jobs in a particular database; when you get E-mail, consider it a reminder to check the database again.
【分析】并列复合句。分号连接两个并列分句，后一分句对前一分句作进一步解释。前一分句的主干为the best strategy is to use the agent, as a kind of…为宾语补足语，不定式结构to keep…作目的状语;后一分句中when you get E-mail是时间状语，主句是一个祈使句, 表示建议。
【译文】因此，使用搜索代理的最佳策略是把代理当作一种提示性服务，来及时跟踪一个特定数据库里的工作信息;当你收到电子邮件时，就当它是提醒你再去核查数据库的提示。
【拓展】abreast为副词，意为“(朝同一方向)并列，并排”。keep abreast of“与…齐头并进;了解…的最新情况”。
2. One theory, dreamt up in all the spare time enjoyed by the alphabetically disadvantaged, is that the rot sets in early.
【分析】复合句。句子主干为One theory…is that...，that 引导表语从句。句子的主语与be动词被过去分词短语 dreamt up...disadvantaged 分隔。过去分词短语 dreamt up…作后置定语，修饰theory。过去分词短语enjoyed by…为 all the spare time 的后置定语。the alphabetically disadvantaged的作用相当于名词，指一类人。
【译文】那些在字母表中排序处于劣势的人花去所有的业余时间杜撰出一种理论，认为在很早的时候情况就已经开始不妙了。
【拓展】1)rot原意为“腐烂，腐蚀，败坏”，此处的意思是“一连串的不利”，指因为姓氏的首字母在字母表中的位置靠后所遭受的歧视。2)set in“开始，到来;上涨;插入，嵌入”。
3. So short-sighted Zysman junior gets stuck in the back row,and is rarely asked the improving questions posed by those insensitive teachers.
【分析】简单句。主语是Zysman;and连接两个并列的谓语gets和is asked;posed by those insensitive teachers作后置定语修饰questions。
【译文】所以近视眼的小Zysman就一直坐在后排，而那些不敏感的老师们也很少问他那些启发智力、提高能力的问题。
【拓展】get stuck in“陷入...
今天出国留学网英语栏目的小编给大家带来"考研英语长短句翻译每日一练(12.19)"，以下是详细内容，希望对同学们有所帮助!
1. For any job search, you should start with a narrow concept-what you think you want to do-then broaden it.
【分析】句子主干为 you should start with a narrow concept...then broaden it,其中包含两个并列的谓语动词 start with 和 broaden;介词短语 for any job search 为状语;破折号之间的部分是对concept的解释说明。
【译文】找任何工作时，你都应该从一个狭窄的范围开始——你认为你想干的工作——然后拓宽它。
2. Thus the American president and vice-president have surnames starting with B and C respectively;and 26 of George Bush's predecessors ( including his father) had surnames in the first half of the alphabet against just 16 in the second half.
【分析】并列句。本句是由and连接的两个并列分句。第一个分句中宾语surnames后的分词结构starting with…作其后置定语;第二个分句宾语后紧跟的介词结构 in the first half of the alphabet 作其定语，against just 16后省略了 of George Bush's... had surnames。
【译文】美国的总统和副总统的姓氏分别以B和C开头;乔治·布什的前任中(包括他的父亲)有26位的姓氏排在字母表的前半部分，而只有16个在后半部分。
【拓展】respectively为副词，意为“各自地，分别地”。
3. Even before Alan Greenspan's admission that America's red-hot economy is cooling, lots of working folks had already seen signs of the slowdown themselves.
【分析】多重复合句。逗号前是even before引导的时间状语从句，其中that引导的名词性从句作admission的同位语，对其进行解释说明。逗号后是句子的主句。
【译文】即使在格林斯潘承认美国那炙手可热的经济已开始降温之前，许多上班族都已经看到了经济疲软的迹象。
【拓展】1)red-hot economy“过热的经济”。2)working folks“劳动者”。
4. From car dealerships to Gap outlets, sales have been lagging for months as shoppers temper their spending.
【分析】复合句。句子主干为sa...
今天出国留学网英语栏目的小编给大家带来“2017考研英语长短句翻译每日一练(12.16)”，以下是详细内容，希望对大家有所帮助!
1. Besides the ninety or so learned ministers who came to Massachusetts church in the decade after 1629, there were political leaders like John Winthrop, an educated gentleman,lawyer, and official of the Crown before he journeyed to Boston.
【分析】复合句。句子的主干为there were political leaders,其后较长的名词结构an educatedgentleman… Boston作John Winthrop的同位语,补充说明人物的身份。句首Besides引导的介词短语作状语，其中who引导的定语从句修饰先行词ministers。
【译文】除了大约九十位左右在1629年之后的十年间来马萨诸塞教堂的博学的牧师之外,还有像约翰•温思罗普这样的政治领袖。在来波士顿之前,他是一位受过高等教育的绅士、律师，同时还是皇室的官员。
【拓展】1)learned在此处指“有学问的，博学”，另外还可以指"学问上的,学术性的”。2)journey用作不及物动词，意为“旅行”。
2. Not long ago, with the country entering a recession and Japan at its pre-bubble peak, the U.S. workforce was derided as poorly educated and one of the primary cause of the poor U. S, economic performance.
【分析】简单句。句子的主干是the U.S. workforce was derided as poorly educated and one of the primary cause.... with复合结构作句子状语，介词短语of the poor U. S. economic performance cause 的后置定语。
【译文】不久前，随着美国进入衰退期，日本正处在前泡 沬期的顶峰，美国的劳工被嘲笑受教育程度低，并且被认为是美国经济运行不佳的最主要原因。
【拓展】1)peak最基本的含义是“山峰，山顶”，此处指 ”高峰，顶端，最高点”，at its peak“在最高峰”。2)deride意为“嘲笑，嘲弄”，常跟复合宾语，即deride+宾语+宾语补足语。3)economic performance 一般译成 “经济运行状况”。
语法拓展With的复合结构
with复合结构主要用作句子状语，表伴随、方式、原因、结果、时间等。with复合结构常见的有以下五种形式：
1)with+名词/代词+形容词/方位副词，这一结构中，形容词/方位副词作宾语补足语，表示宾语所处的状态。
2)with+名词/代词+介词短语，其中介词短语作宾语补足语，表示宾语所处...
出国留学网英语栏目为大家整理了“考研英语长短句翻译每日一练(12.15)”，希望对大家有所帮助哦!
1. But in keeping with our examination of southern intellectual life, we may consider the original Puritans as carriers of European culture,adjusting to New World circumstances.
【分析】简单句。句子主干是we may consider the original Puritans as carriers ... 。 in keeping with...life 为介词短语作目的状语;adjusting to New World circumstances为现在分词短语作carriers的后置定语。
【译文】但是，为了与我们对南部学术界的研究保持一致，我们可以把最初的清教徒当作适应新大陆环境的欧洲文化的传播者。
【拓展】l)in keeping with意为“符合，与…相一致，与…协调”。2)adjust to意为”适应，调节”。
2. Thus pool countries might not be able to escape their poverty traps without political changes that may be possible only with broader formal education.
【分析】复合句。此句运用了双重否定，主干是 pool countries might not be able to escape their poverty traps ...。介词短语without political changes...作条件状语，其中that引导的定语从句，修饰changes。
【译文】因此，贫穷国家不改变政治情况也许就不可能摆脱贫困状态，这种政治变革只有在更广泛的正规教育下才能发生。
【拓展】poverty trap是固定词组，意为“贫困陷阱”，指领取政府救济的人若要增加收入就不得不放弃某些救济款项的境况。
3. But it's not as if earlier times didn't know perpetual war, disaster and the massacre of innocents.
【分析】复合句。主句是主系表结构，as if引导表语从句。在表语从句中，主语是earlier times，隐含的是the people in earlier times;谓语是didn’t know;宾语是三个并列的名词及名词短语。
【译文】但这不是说以前的时代没有经历过连续不断的战争、灾难和滥杀无辜。
4. The notion is that people have failed to detect the massive changes which have happened in the ocean because they have been looking back only a relatively short time into the pas...
英语可谓是考验之旅的一大拦路虎，出国留学网英语栏目为大家整理了“考研英语长短句翻译训练”，希望对大家有所帮助!
1. To take this approach to the New Englanders normally means to start with the Puritans'theological innovations and their distinctive ideas about the church —important subjects that we may not neglect.
【分析】复合句。句中的两个不定式短语To take…和 to start with...分别作主句的主语和宾语;破折号后的内容补充说明 theological innovations and distinctive ideas，其中包含that引导的定语从句，修饰subjects。
【译文】以这种方法看待新英格兰人通常意味着从这些清教徒的神学变革和他们关于教堂的与众不同的理念入手——这些是我们不容忽视的重要主题。【拓展】动词短语take a/an…approach to sth.意思是“对…采用...方法/态度”。
2. More recently, while examining housing construction, the researchers discovered that illiterate, non-English-speaking Mexican workers in Houston, Texas, consistently met best-practice labor productivity standards despite the complexity of the building industry’s work.
【分析】复合句。句子的主干为the researchers discovered that...,其中that引导的从句作宾语。宾语从句中despite引出的介词短语作让步状语。句首“while +分词短语”结构是省略主语和系动词的状语从句while the researchers were examining···
【译文】最近，研究者在调查房屋建筑业时发现，尽管建筑行业的工作非常复杂，但是德克萨斯州休斯顿市的那些不识字、不会说英语的墨西哥工人却总是能达到劳动生产率的最高标准。
【拓展】1)illiterate意为“文盲的”，是literate“有读写能力的，识字的”的反义词。2)despite用作介词，意思是“不管，尽管”其后跟名词(短语)。状语从句中的省略在以when, while, as, once, whenever引导的时间状语从句、if，unless引导的条件状语从句、as,asif, as though引导的方式状语从句、though, although, even if, even though 引导状语从句、wherever引导的地点状语从句中，常常省略与主句相同的主语(或作主语的代词it)和be动词，剩下名词、形容词(短语)、介词短语、不定式或分词。
3. And since these messages have an agenda — to lure us to open our wall...
英语可谓是考验之旅的一大拦路虎，出国留学网英语栏目为大家带来“考研英语长短句翻译每日一练”，希望对大家有所帮助!
1. Above all, like their female human counterparts,they tend to pay much closer attention to the value of "goods and services" than males.
【分析】简单句。句子主干为they tend to pay much closer attention to…。介词短语 like...counterparts作方式状语。整个句子是一个含比较结构的主谓宾句型。
【译文】最重要的是，就像人类当中的女性一样，它们(雌性猴子)往往比雄性更关注“商品和服务”的价值。
【拓展】1)counterpart在句中意为“与对方地位相当的人，与另一方作用相当的物”，还有“副本，复本”意思。2)tend to do “易于...，往往会...”。
2. Do you remember all those years when scientists argued that smoking would kill us but the doubters insisted that we didn't know for sure?That the evidence was inconclusive,the science uncertain?That the antismoking lobby was out to destroy our way of life and the government should stay out of the way?
【分析】多重复合句。虽然本句有三个问号，其实是一个句子。主语为you，谓语为remember，宾语为all those years。when引导的定语从句修饰all those years，其主干为 scientists argued that…but the doubters insisted that…That…That…。定语从句中嵌套四个宾语从句，第一个为谓语用argued的宾语，后三个为谓语insisted的宾语。
【译文】还记得科学家们认为吸烟会致人死亡，而怀疑者们却坚持认为我们无法对此得出定论的时候吗?还得出怀疑者们坚持认为缺乏决定性的证据，科学也确定的时候吗?还记得怀疑者们坚持认为反对吸烟的游说是为了毁掉我们的生活方式，而政府应该置身事外的时候吗?
3. Instead of a plan of action, they continue topress for more research-a classic case of "paralysis by analysis".
【分析】简单句。instead of...介词短语作状语，表示否定的逻辑关系。本句的主干为they continue to press…。破折号后的部分不是修饰前面名词research，而是说明前面的整个句子。
【译文】他们没有出台行动计划，相反只是继续迫切要求进行更多的研究——这是一个典型的“分析导致麻痹”实例。
【拓展】paralysis by analysis意为“分析...
出国留学网英语栏目为大家带来“2017考研英语长短句翻译模拟训练”，希望对大家有所帮助哦!
1. For retailers, who last year took in 24 percent of their revenue between Thanksgiving and Christmas, the cautious approach is coming at a crucial time.
【分析】复合句。介词结构for retailers...作状语，其中含有who引导的定语从句，修饰限制retailers;主句主干为 the cautious approach is coming;介词短语 at a crucial time作状语。
【译文】去年零售商在感恩节和圣诞节之间的收入占全年收入的24%。而现在这个关键时刻采取了谨慎的营销方式。
2. "I'm a good economic indicator," she says, "I provide a service that people can do without when they're concerned about saving some dollars."
【分析】并列多重复合句。两个引号中是两个独立的分句，she says为插入语。在后一个分句中，that引导定语从句修饰service,该从句中又包含when引导的时间状语从句。
【译文】她说，“我是个很好的经济指示器，我所提供的服务在人们考虑省钱的时候就不需要了”。
【拓展】do without sth. /doing sth.是个习惯表达，意为“将就,没有…也行”。
3. One theory, dreamt up in all the spare time enjoyed by the alphabetically disadvantaged, is that the rot sets in early.
【分析】复合句。句子主干为One theory…is that...，that 引导表语从句。句子的主语与be动词被过去分词短语 dreamt up...disadvantaged 分隔。过去分词短语 dreamt up…作后置定语，修饰theory。过去分词短语enjoyed by…为 all the spare time 的后置定语。the alphabetically disadvantaged的作用相当于名词，指一类人。
【译文】那些在字母表中排序处于劣势的人花去所有的业余时间杜撰出一种理论，认为在很早的时候情况就已经开始不妙了。
【拓展】1)rot原意为“腐烂，腐蚀，败坏”，此处的意思是“一连串的不利”，指因为姓氏的首字母在字母表中的位置靠后所遭受的歧视。2)set in“开始，到来;上涨;插入，嵌入”。
4. Narrowing your criteria, for example, may work against you:"Every time you answer a question you eliminate a possibility,"says one expert.
【分析】句子主干为Narrowing your cr...
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1. Egalitarian sentiments were often tempered by fears that the mass of the population was unprepared for self rule and the democracy.
【分析】复合句。主句主干为 Egalitarian sentiments were often tempered。that 引导的同位语从句，补充说明 fears。
【译文】平等主义的情绪常常因为太担心大众对自治和民主还未做好准备而有所缓解。
【拓展】temper 的名词含义为“情绪;性情;脾气”，作动词的含义为“锻炼;调剂;缓和”。本句中即意为“调剂;缓和”。
2. Indeed homelessness has reached such proportions that local government can't possibly cope.
【分析】复合句。句子主干为 homelessness has reached such proportions。Indeed 表示强调;that 引导结果状语从句。
【译文】实际上，无家可归者已经增加到了地方政府都无法应对的地步。
3. Boston Globe reporter Chris Reidy notes that the situation will improve only when there are comprehensive programs that address he many needs of the homeless.
【分析】多重复合句。句子主干为 Chris Reidy notes that...， that 引导宾语从句。在该从句中，主句为the situation will improve;only when 引导条件状语从句，其中嵌套一个 that 引导的定语从句，修饰programs。
【译文】《波士顿环球日报》记者 Chris Reidy 认为只有通过全面规划解决这些无家可归者的各种需求，这种局面才可能得到改善。
4. For Example, changes in the economy that lead to fewer job opportunities for youth and rising unemployment in general make gainful employment increasingly difficult to obtain.
【分析】复合句。句子主语为changes;谓语为make;宾语为gainful employment;increasingly difficult to obtain 为宾语补足语。in the economy 和 that 引导的定语从句均修饰changes。
【译文】例如，经济变化导致年轻人就业机会减少和失业率上升，通常在这种情况下，他们更难获得高新职位。
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